In carbon steel piping systems, SCH (Schedule), STD (Standard), and XS (Extra Strong) are classifications that define the wall thickness of pipes.
Wall Thickness
Pipe schedule sets the pipe wall thickness. Increasing the wall thickness of the pipe increases the mechanical strength of the pipe, allowing it to handle higher design pressures.
- SCH Steel Pipe : It is a series of numbers that represent different wall thicknesses of pipes. For example, SCH 10, SCH 20, SCH 40, SCH 80, etc. The higher the SCH number, the thicker the pipe wall.
- STD Steel Pipe : It is equivalent to SCH 40 for most common pipe sizes. It represents a standard wall thickness that is suitable for many general - purpose applications.
- XS Steel Pipe: It is equivalent to SCH 80 for pipes up to NPS 10" (DN250). XS has a thicker wall than STD.
| Out Diameter | Wall Thickness | |||||
| DN | Inch | ASME | STD | SCH40 | XS | SCH80 |
| 15 | 1/2" | 21.3 | 2.77 | 2.77 | 3.73 | 3.73 |
| 20 | 3/4" | 26.7 | 2.87 | 2.87 | 3.91 | 3.91 |
| 25 | 1" | 33.4 | 3.38 | 3.38 | 4.55 | 4.55 |
| 32 | 1.1/4" | 42.2 | 3.56 | 3.56 | 4.85 | 4.85 |
| 40 | 1.1/2" | 48.3 | 3.68 | 3.68 | 5.08 | 5.08 |
| 50 | 2" | 60.3 | 3.91 | 3.91 | 5.54 | 5.54 |
| 65 | 2.1/2" | 73 | 5.16 | 5.16 | 7.01 | 7.01 |
| 80 | 3" | 88.9 | 5.49 | 5.49 | 7.62 | 7.62 |
| 90 | 3.1/2" | 101.6 | 5.74 | 5.74 | 8.08 | 8.08 |
| 100 | 4" | 114.3 | 6.02 | 6.02 | 8.56 | 8.56 |
| 125 | 5" | 141.3 | 6.55 | 6.55 | 9.53 | 9.53 |
| 150 | 6" | 168.3 | 7.11 | 7.11 | 10.97 | 10.97 |
| 200 | 8" | 219.1 | 8.18 | 8.18 | 12.7 | 12.7 |
| 250 | 10" | 273 | 9.27 | 9.27 | 12.7 | 15.09 |
| 300 | 12" | 323.8 | 9.53 | 10.31 | 12.7 | 17.48 |
Is SCH 40 pipe the same as STD pipe?
Key Points:
For NPS 1/8" to 10", STD steel pipe ≈ Schedule 40 steel pipe.For NPS 12" and larger, STD pipeline is thinner.
Look closely at the two columns for schedule 40 steel pipe and standard weight. Up through a 10-inch pipe size the wall thicknesses are the same, and the terms schedule 40 and standard weight are very often used interchangeably. But once we start dealing with pipe and fitting sizes larger than 10-inch you can see that the wall thicknesses diverge. The wall thickness of the standard weight pipe plateaus, remaining the same at the 12-inch size, while the wall thickness of the schedule 40 pipe continues to increase with pipe size.
Are XS pipe and SCH 80 pipe the same?
Key Points:
For NPS 1/8" to 8", XS steel pipe ≈ Schedule 80 steel pipe.
For NPS 10" and larger, XS is rarely used
The same is true for schedule 80 steel pipe and extra heavy pipe and pipe fittings, except that these two diverge at 8-inch sized pipe, where the extra heavy wall thickness remains the same.
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